Laryngectomy – Stoma Care

Patients who undergo complete laryngectomy will have a surgically created opening in their neck called a stoma, essential for normal breathing. Proper care of the stoma is crucial, and patients should receive guidance from a healthcare professional to prevent infection and breathing issues.

Regular observation of the stoma and tracheal wall is necessary to check for the presence of mucus and crusts. Patients should make it a routine to examine these areas in front of a mirror every morning and evening.

If mucus or crusts are present, they can often be cleared by coughing. Using a saline spray or applying a warm, damp cloth over the stoma can also help reduce their presence. Inhaling steam from hot water in a sink is beneficial, but it’s essential to protect the stoma with a washcloth or shower shield.

To maintain stoma health, it’s important to gently cleanse the surrounding skin with mild soap and water, ensuring it stays free from secretions. This prevents dryness and irritation.

Covering the stoma provides protection against various environmental elements like dust, insects, cold air, and sunlight. It helps retain warmth in the breathed air and shields the skin from UV rays. Options for covering include specialized stoma covers, crocheted bibs, scarves, turtlenecks, cotton undershirts, or even jewelry.

Avoid placing an electrolarynx device directly on the stoma, as this can potentially cause irritation. Instead, find the optimal placement for your speech aid to ensure comfort and effectiveness.

Maintaining stoma hygiene during showering and bathing is crucial, as it can provide essential moisture. Patients should take care to prevent excess soap and water from entering the stoma. Methods such as using chest-high shower sprays, stoma shields, or cupping a hand over the stoma can help protect it during bathing. It’s essential to maintain a regular washing routine to ensure proper personal hygiene.

Shaving requires special attention for laryngectomy patients to avoid getting soap in the stoma. Additionally, minimizing the use of aerosol or deodorant sprays can prevent irritation of the airways. Patients should be mindful of potential numbness in the neck area post-surgery to avoid unintentional injury.